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ASTM-C146:2004 Edition

ASTM-C146:2004 Edition

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C146-94a(2004) Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Glass Sand

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASTM 2004 12
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1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of glass sands. They are useful for either high-silica sands (99% + silica (SiO )) or for high-alumina sands containing as much as 12 to 13% alumina (Al O ). Generally nonclassical, the test methods are rapid and accurate. They include the determination of silica and of total R O (see 11.2.4), and the separate determination of total iron as iron oxide (Fe O ), titania (TiO ), chromium oxide (Cr O ), zirconia (ZrO ), and ignition loss. Included are procedures for the alkaline earths and alkalies. High-alumina sands may contain as much as 5 to 6% total alkalies and alkaline earths. It is recommended that the alkalies be determined by flame photometry and the alkaline earths by absorption spectrophotometry.

1.2 These test methods, if followed in detail, will provide interlaboratory agreement of results.

Note 1-For additional information, see Test Methods C169 and Practices E50.

1.3 The test methods appear in the following order:

Procedures for Referee Analysis: Section Silica (SiO 2 )–Double Dehydration 10 Total R 2 O 3 –Gravimetric 11 Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Cr 2 O 3 , by Photometric Methods and 12-17 Al 2 O 3 by Complexiometric Titration Preparation of the Sample for Determination of Iron 12 Oxide, Titania, Alumina, and Zirconia Iron oxide (as Fe 2 O 3 ) by 1,10-Phenanthroline Method 13 Titania (TiO 2 ) by the Tiron Method 14 Alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) by the CDTA Titration Method 15 Zirconia (ZrO 2 ) by the Pyrocatechol Violet Method 16 Chromium Oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ) by the 1,5-Diphenylcarbo- 17 hydrazide Method Procedures for Routine Analysis: Silica (SiO 2 )–Single Dehydration 19 Al 2 O 3 , CaO, and MgO–Atomic Absorption Spectro- 20-25 photometry Na 2 O and K 2 O–Flame Emission Spectrophotometry 26-27 Loss on Ignition (LOI) 28

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
1 Scope
Referenced Documents
Significance and Use
2 Photometers and Photometric Practice
Purity of Reagents
Concentration of Acids and Ammonium Hydroxide
(NH
OH)
Filter Papers
Preparation of Sample
Precision and Bias
Silica (SiO
) by the Double Dehydration Method
3 Total R
O
by Ammonium Hydroxide (NH
OH) Precipitation
4 Preparation of the Sample for Determination of Iron Oxide, Titania, Alumina, and Zirconia
Iron Oxide (as Fe
O
) by the 1,10-Phenanthroline Method
5 Titania (TiO
) by the Tiron Method
Alumina (Al
O
) by the CDTA Complexiometric Titration
6 Zirconia (ZrO
) by the Pyrocatechol Violet Method (for All Samples)
7 Chromium Oxide (Cr
O
) by the 1,5-Diphenylcarbohydrazide Method
8 General Considerations
Silica (SiO
) by the Single Dehydration Method
Al
O
, CaO, and MgO by Atomic Absorption; Na
O and K
O by Flame Emission Spectroscopy
9 Reagents
10 Flame Buffer Solutions
Flame Spectrophotometry (Atomic Absorption and Emission)
Flame Reference Standards
TABLE 1
11 Preparation of Sample Solutions for the Determination of Al
O

Preparation of Sample Solutions for the Determination of Na
O and K
O
Comparison of Samples to Reference Standards
TABLE 2

12 Loss on Ignition
Keywords

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