ASTM-D4328 2008(Redline)

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D4328-08 Standard Practice for Calculation of Supersaturation of Barium Sulfate, Strontium Sulfate, and Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate (Gypsum) in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines (Redline)

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASTM	2008	7

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Categories: 13.060.30 - Sewage water, ASTM

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Description

Significance and Use

This practice covers the mathematical calculation of the supersaturation of three principal sulfate scaling compounds found in industrial operations. Application of this standard practice to the prediction of scale formation in a given system, however, requires experience. The calculations tell the user if a water, or mixture of waters, is in a scaling mode. Whether or not scale will in fact form, how quickly it will form, where it will form, in what quantities, and what composition are subject to factors beyond the scope of this practice. However, based on how supersaturated a given water or mixture of waters is, an objective evaluation of the relative likelihood of scale formation can be made.

Note 1—There are several personal computer (PC) type programs that are both available commercially and publicly that will perform these calculations.

1. Scope

1.1 This practice covers the calculation of supersaturation of barium sulfate, strontium sulfate, and calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) in brackish water, seawater, and brines in which barium, strontium, and calcium ions either coexist or exist individually in solution in the presence of sulfate ions.

1.2 This practice is not applicable for calculating calcium sulfate dihydrate supersaturation if the temperatures of saline waters under investigation exceed 95 ° C. At temperatures above 95 ° C, hemianhydrate and anhydrite would be major insoluble forms.

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D511 Test Methods for Calcium and Magnesium In Water D512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion In Water D513 Test Methods for Total and Dissolved Carbon Dioxide in Water D516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water D1129 Terminology Relating to Water D3352 Test Method for Strontium Ion in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits D3561 Test Method for Lithium, Potassium, and Sodium Ions in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry D3651 Test Method for Barium in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines D3986 Test Method for Barium in Brines, Seawater, and Brackish Water by Direct-Current Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy

Keywords

barium sulfate; brines; calcium sulfate dihydrate; strontium sulfate; Barium sulfate (BaSO4); Brackish water/brines; Calcium sulfate (CaSO4); Saturation; Seawater (natural/synthetic); Strontium sulfate (SrSO4); Supersaturation;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 13.060.30 (Sewage water)

DOI: 10.1520/D4328-08 ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM D4328 (Water Testing Standards)

Citing ASTM Standards

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Additional information

Standard Title	D4328-08 Standard Practice for Calculation of Supersaturation of Barium Sulfate, Strontium Sulfate, and Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate (Gypsum) in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines (Redline)
Published Code	ASTM
Publication Date	2008
Pages Count	7
ICS Codes	13.060.30 - Sewage water

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ASTM-D4328 2008(Redline)

ASTM D4328 (Water Testing Standards)

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